What are the steps involved for the rate and calculation of bank interest without posting? 

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Yes, you can do that, but there is no report available for you to give that information.  You can go for balance interest calculation. 

You can run the balance interest calculation and not process the batch input session. The posting happens only when you process the batch input session.

This configuration allows you to charge interest on overdue customer accounts. Interest can be calculated by using the line items or overall account balances. SAP keep tracks of the date of the last interest run and stores it in the customer master record. 

First create an Interest Indicator. 

OB46 - Interest Settlement Calculation Type 
Int Calc. Type 
P - calculate interest based on line items. 
S - calculate interest based on account balances.
Secornd, make it avaliable to the interest run program. 

OB82 - Interest Terms 

Third, determine the interest rate that will be used by the calculation. 

OBAC - Define Reference Interest Rates 
OB83 - Enter the Reference Interest Rates Value 
Fourth, assign the interest indicator to the reference interest rate. 
OB81 - Define Time Dependent Terms 
Finally, determine the how and to which accounts the interest program will post. 
OBV1 - Prepare Interest on Arrears Calculation

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