Valuation class for example: Raw material, finished goods, semi-finished goods and maintenance parts.

Movement types:
Good receipt movement type=101
Good issue to production movement type=261
Scrapping of Good movement type=551
Good delivered to customer movement type=601
Initial uploading of sctock movement type=561

Transaction key Example BSX inventory posting and GBB 
Use the tcode OBYC or OMWB to get the configuration screen for MM account assignments.

1) Good receipt against purchase order=101
Accounting entry
Inventory raw material (Debit)
GR/IR(good receipt/Invoice receipt) (Credit)

SAP entry
Tcode OBYC or OMWB
you need to update transaction key BSX with the GL code inventory of raw material account. 
Double clik to BSX and select valuation modif.and valuation class.
For GR/IR you need to select the transaction key WRX

2) Good issue to order movement type=261
Accounting entry
Raw material consumption(Debit)
Inventory of raw material (Credit)

SAP entry
The transaction key GBB need to be updated, is issued for various offsetting posting entries. Select debit/credit indicator, general modification indicator, valuation modif and valuation class indicator. In this case you need to update the transaction key VBR with the raw material consumption account.

3) Good receipt is made for finished good against production order
Accounting entry
Finished good (Debit)
Change in finished good (Credit)

SAP entry
in transactionkey BSX the valuation class finished good will attach with the finished good GL code. For change in finished good you update transaction key GBB and general modification key AUF

4) Good issues are posted for sales movement type=601
Accounting entry
Cost of Good Sold (Debit)
inventory of Finished Goods (Credit)

SAP entry
For cost of good sold transaction key GBB is updated with general modification key VAX

5) Good issues for Sampling Quality movement type=331
Accounting entry
Raw material consumption (Debit)
Inventory raw material (Credit)

SAP Entry
Raw material consumption is attached to transaction key GBB and general modification key VQP is used.

6) FI-SD Account determination
Accounting entry
Customer/AR (Debit)
Revenue Account (credit)
you have to bear in mind that the customer account gets from customer master data, all you need is to configurate the revenue account. SAP provides following 6 ways of determining the GL accounts in SD.
- Appliation (key for sd application)
- account determination types
- chart of accounts(from FI system)
- Customer account assignment group
- Material account assignment group
- Account key

Tcode=VKOA
Maintain the GL account for the combination of Material group/account key
Double click and select new entry.
enter GL account 
enter chart of account
enter material group
enter account key
enter condition type
enter application
enter sales org
click save. 

That's the system look into this table see the combination and if the relevant combination exists in tne transaction it will debit the customer account and credit the revenue account defined.

Get help for your SAP FI/CO problems
SAP FICO Forum - Do you have a SAP FI/CO Question?

SAP Books
SAP FICO Books  - Certification, Interview Questions and Configuration

SAP FICO Tips
SAP FI/CO Tips and Financial Accounting/Controlling Discussion Forum

Best regards,
SAP Basis, ABAP Programming and Other IMG Stuff
http://www.erpgreat.com