Credit and risk management takes place in the credit control area. According to your corporate requirements, you can implement credit management that is centralized, decentralized, or somewhere in between. 

An organizational unit that represents the area where customer credit is awarded and monitored.   This organizational unit can either be a single or several company codes, if credit control is performed across several company codes. One credit control area contains credit control information for each customer.

For example, if your credit management is centralized, you can define one credit control area for all of your company codes. 

If, on the other hand, your credit policy requires decentralized credit management, you can define credit control areas for each company code or each group of company codes. 

Credit limits and credit exposure are managed at both credit control area and customer level.  You set up credit control areas and other data related to credit management in Customizing for Financial Accounting. The implementation guide is under Enterprise Structure -> Definition or Assignment -> Financial Accounting and then Maintain credit control area. You assign customers to specific credit control areas and specify the appropriate credit limits in the customer master record.

Tips by : Kapilaa

Settings for determining the credit control area of a document.  The settings of items 1 - 4 are taken into account according to their priority.  The credit control area found is stored in field VBAK-KKBER.

1. Transaction OB38
   Check which credit control area is assigned to the company code.
   Company code:
   Credit control area:

2. Transaction OVFL
   Check which credit control area is assigned to the sales area.
   Sales area:
   Credit control area:

3. Transaction XD02 or VD02
   Check which credit control area is assigned to the payer.
   Payer:
   Credit control area:

4. Transaction SE37
   Is user exit EXIT_SAPV45K_001 being used?

5. Transaction OBZK
   For the settings under items 2 - 4, field "All company codes" must be marked in Transaction
   OB45, or the credit control area must be entered under the relevant company code in table
   T001CM of the credit control areas allowed.
   Company code:
   Credit control areas allowed:

6. Settings for the credit checks

7. Transaction OVAK
   Which settings do exist for the sales document type used?
   Sales document:
   Check credit:
   Credit group:

8. Transaction OVAD
   Which settings do exist for the delivery type used?
   Delivery type:
   Credit group for delivery:
   Credit group for goods issue:

9. Transaction OB01
   Credit management/Change risk category
   Definition of the risk category for each credit control area. This risk category can be
   assigned to a credit account by using Transaction FD32.

10. Transaction OVA8
    Here, the individual credit checks for key fields
    o credit control area
    o risk category
    o credit group are set. Take these key fields from the above settings and go to the detail
      screen. In particular, check whether fields "Reaction" and "Status/block" are set
      correctly. To carry out follow-up actions in case of a credit block, the credit check
      status must be set (field "Status/block").

11. Transaction FD32
    Credit master data for the payer of the relevant document.
    Credit account:
    Credit limit:
    Risk category:
    Currency:

12. Settings for updating the credit values Update of the credit values is required for the limit
    check (static or dynamic credit limit check).

13. Transaction OVA7
    Update of the credit value is active for the corresponding item type if the check box is marked. This field corresponds to 
    field "Active receivable" in Transaction VOV7.
    Item type: 
    Active receivable:

14. Transaction V/08, Pricing
    In the pricing procedure used for pricing, subtotal "A" must be entered in a line for
    determining the credit value (mark the pricing procedure and doubleclick on "Control").
    Usually, the net value plus taxes is used. This way the system is determined to use this
    subtotal for credit pricing. The credit price is stored in field VBAP-CMPRE and used for
    update and credit check.
    You can find the used pricing procedure of the order under "Item -> Condition -> Analysis".
    Pricing procedure:
    Line with subtotal = 'A':

15. Transaction OB45
    Which update group (field "Update") do you use in the relevant credit control area? The
    default setting is "12". If you use another update group, check whether this is fine with
    you. If you open an OSS message, please tell us the alternative update group.
    Credit control area:
    Update:

16. Transaction OMO1
    Which kind of update did you choose for structure S066? 
     In any case, "Synchronous update (1)" has to be chosen as the kind of update. 
     All other settings will lead to errors.

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