The following provides you with an understanding of the key fields and master data found in SAP SD.
Master Data
SALES ORGANIZATION
A sales organization is an organizational unit that sells and distributes products, negotiates terms of sale, and is responsible for these transactions.
DISTRIBUTION CHANNEL
A distribution channel is a channel through which materials or services reach customers. Typical distribution channels include wholesale, retail, and direct sales.
DIVISION
A division is a product group that can be defined for a wide-ranging spectrum of products.
SALES AREA
A sales area is compiled of the
following data: a sales organization, a distribution channel, a division.
A sales area may be used for reporting purposes; all data relevant for
sales can be defined
by a sales area.
SALES OFFICE
A sales office refer to the geographical aspects of the organization in business development and sales are defined using the term “sales office.” A sales office is in turn assigned to a sales area. If you enter a sales order for a sales office within a certain sales area, the sales office must be assigned to that area.
SALES GROUP
Sales group refer to the staff of a sales office may be subdivided into sales groups. For example, sales groups can be defined for individual divisions.
SALESPERSONS
Salespersons are individual personnel master records are used to manage data about salespersons. You can assign a salesperson to a sales group in the personnel master record.
SHIPPING POINTS
Shipping points are defined in the SD organizational master data setup. They are the top level of the organization in shipping. Deliveries are always initiated from exactly one shipping point. A shipping point is assigned one or more plants and can be subdivided into several loading points.
LOADING POINT
A loading point is a voluntary entry. It is merely a subdivision of a shipping point. A loading point is manually entered into the header data of the delivery.
Assignment Of Organizational Data
Master Data For The Customer
- The sold-to party record
- The ship-to party record
- The bill-to party record
- The payer record
- Inter-company customers
- One-time customer
[XD01] is the central customer master record creation with company code data.
ACCOUNT GROUP
When you create a customer master record, the system knows which fields to turn on and off by using the assigned account group. The account groups are defined in Finance. However, they can be accessed by going to the IMG, Financial Accounting, Accounts receivable and accounts payable, Customer accounts, Master records, Preparations for creating customer master records,
Maintaining the data is possible from both the accounting view and the SD view using transaction [VD02] or [XD02] to change.
Company code-specific data in the customer master record would be data on accounting information, payment transactions, correspondence, insurance, and withholding tax, credit management is linked to the customer master.
- The account group defines what fields are available in the customer master records.
- A sold-to party only needs sales-relevant data. However, a sold-to party can also be created as all the partner functions.
- The ship-to party only needs shipping-relevant data, such as unloading points and so on.
- A payer is the individual or company who settles the invoices for a service or for delivered goods.
- The bill-to party need only have the basic data such as address and output fields.
- Base Unit of Measure
- Alternative Unit of Measure
- Sales Unit
- Delivery Unit
MINIMUM ORDER QUANTITY
Minimum quantity the customer must order. warning message appears if the minimum order quantity is not reached.
MINIMUM DELIVERY QUANTITY
Minimum quantity you must deliver to the customer. A warning message appears during delivery processing if you enter a delivery quantity lower than the minimum delivery quantity.
Customer Material Information Records
Customer material information is information on a material that applies to a specific customer. This data is dependent on the relative sales areas.
MENU PATH
The path is as follows: Logistics,
Sales and distribution, Master data, Agreements, Customer material information,
Create. It can also be accessed from the relevant customer master record
within the customer master record inside [VA02]. You would select Environment,
Cust. material info.
TRANSACTION CODE [VD51]
TIP: The system copies the plant data into the sales order from the relevant entries in the master records based upon the following priorities:
1. Customer material information
master record
2. Customer master record
3. Material master record
TIP: Make sure the relevant indicator is set on the sales document type in order for the system to read this customer material information record.
Master data sharing, common distribution channels, and Common divisions.
MENU PATH
The path is as follows: IMG, Sales
and distribution, Master data, Define common distribution channels. You
can also go to IMG, Sales and distribution, Master data, Define common
divisions.
TRANSACTION CODE [VOR1]
Customer Groups
MENU PATH
The menu path is as follows: IMG,
Sales and distribution, Master data, Business partners, Customers, Sales,
Define customer groups.
TRANSACTION CODE [OVS9]
Sales Districts/Customer Districts
Sales districts, also referred to as customer districts, can be geographical areas or regions.
MENU PATH
The menu path is as follows: IMG,
Sales and distribution, Master data, Business partners, Customers, Sales,
Define sales districts.
TRANSACTION CODE [OVR0]
Customer Master Record Fields
MENU PATH
The path is as follows: IMG, Financial
accounting, Accounts receivable and accounts payable, Customer accounts,
Master records, Preparations for Creating Customer Master Records, Define
account groups with screen layout (customers).
TRANSACTION CODE [OBD2]
The customer master record is controlled via the account group. To configure your own account group, always copy an initial SAP standard account group. By always copying the standard component, the system copies all underlying assignments. The process is as follows:
1. Highlight the account group by
selecting the one you wish to copy, such as 0001.
2. Select the Copy button.
3. Change the account group number
starting with the letter Z, such as Z001. SAP uses this prefix for all
upgrades in order to ensure it does not overwrite client-specific entries.
4. After you have selected your
changes, press the Save button.
TIP: Don’t forget to allocate this new account group into the list of allowed account numbers for partner determination. Otherwise, you will not be able to create any customer master records using this new account group.
